Climate models are complex mathematical representations of the Earth's climate system, used to understand past climate patterns and predict future changes.
Climate models range from simple models, which focus on specific processes, to comprehensive general circulation models that account for a wide range of factors, including greenhouse gas emissions, solar radiation, cloud formation, and ocean currents. Scientists use these models to study climate variability, assess the impact of human activities, and project future scenarios based on different levels of greenhouse gas emissions.
To ensure accuracy, climate models are tested against historical climate data and refined over time. While no model can predict the future with absolute certainty, they provide valuable insights into long-term trends, such as global warming, sea level rise, and shifts in weather patterns. These predictions help governments, businesses, and communities prepare for and mitigate the effects of climate change.
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